Physical World Notes

    Physics     

                The word Science originates from the Latin verb Scientia meaning 'to know'. (In Sanskrit, Vijnan has similar meaning, namely 'knowledge'.) Science is a systematic attempt to understand natural phenomena and use the knowledge to predict, modify and control the phenomena. Science is exploring, experimenting and predicting from what we see around us. 

     The word Physics comes from a Greek word meaning 'nature'; in Sanskrit -Bhautiki. Physics is the branch of Science which deals with the natural phenomena occurring around us. Physics is a discipline of Natural Science to understand the phenomena where occur with us and around us. There are two principal thrusts in physics, i,e. unification and reduction. 

    Physicists explore the Universe. Their observations and investigations, based on scientific processes, range from particles that are smaller than atoms in size to stars that are very far away. In adding to finding the facts by observation and experimentation, physicists attempt to discover the laws that summarize these facts.   

Hypothesis, axioms, and models -      

One should not think that everything can be proved with physics and mathematics. All physics, also and mathematics, is based on assumptions, each of which is variously called a hypothesis or axiom or postulate, etc.

A hypothesis is a supposition without assuming that it is true. It would not be fair to ask anybody to prove the universal law of gravitation, because it cannot be proved. It can be verified and substantiated by experiments and observations. 

An axiom is a self-evident truth while a model is a theory proposed to explain observed phenomena. In mathematics too, we need axioms and hypotheses at every stage. Euclid's statement that parallel lines never meet, is a hypothesis. This means that if we assume this statement, we can explain several properties of straight lines and two or three dimensional figures made out of them.    



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